Masumeh Saeidi Health Providers 2820-9192 1 1 2021 12 01 The Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight in Iranian High School Students: A Systematic Review 1 11 148877 10.22034/hp.2022.148877 EN Leila Shirzadeh School of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Esmaeil Sadeghi Municipality of the City of Damghan, Damghan, Iran. Asiyeh Salmannezhad Municipality of the City of Damghan, Damghan, Iran. Seyed Ali Jafari Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Maryam Dehghanipour Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 0000-0003-1386-5962 Mona Nasiri Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0002-2013-4749 Journal Article 2022 04 27 Background: Obesity is a global public health concern affecting a significant portion of the population. This study aims to determine the overall prevalence of obesity and overweight in Iranian high school students. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review, a comprehensive search of online databases (Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CIVILICA, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar) was conducted to identify relevant studies published up to September 2021. The search utilized relevant MeSH keywords and had no time restrictions. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the eligible studies and performed the study selection process. The quality of the extracted data was evaluated using the STROBE guidelines. Results: Finally, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of overweight among students was 11.4% (range: 2.3-20.5%), and the pooled prevalence of obesity was 13.5% (range: 6.1-21%). The highest prevalence of overweight was observed in students from Urmia, while the highest prevalence of obesity was observed in students from Yazd. A significant association was found between student overweight and obesity and factors such as birth weight, infant feeding method (formula vs. breastfeeding), timing of solid food introduction, family income, family history of obesity, parental education level, physical activity levels, screen time (TV and computer games), snacking habits, private school attendance, and weekly rice consumption (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The high prevalence of obesity and overweight among high school students, especially in Urmia and Yazd, underscores the urgent need for comprehensive education. Students and families must be informed about the factors that contribute to these conditions, and encouraged to adopt strategies such as increasing physical activity, improving dietary habits, and implementing preventive measures during adolescence.

https://www.health-providers.ir/article_148877_c7fc998e38b04a45253df9abfc958f2f.pdf

Masumeh Saeidi Health Providers 2820-9192 1 1 2021 12 01 Covid-19 in Children with Emphasis on Prevention: A Rapid Review 13 21 148878 10.22034/hp.2022.148878 EN Anis Pouyanfar Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Shirvan, Iran. 0000-0001-5729-1484 Shima Imannezhad Pediatric Neurologist, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0002-5537-2763 Mona Nasiri Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0002-2013-4749 Negin Yadollahi Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Hossein Akhavan Assistant Professor of Pediatric Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0002-9516-5013 Journal Article 2022 04 27 Children of all ages can be infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and can experience complications. Children with COVID-19 might present with many symptoms, a few symptoms, or be asymptomatic. The most common symptoms in children are fever and cough, and other common symptoms include nasal congestion or a runny nose, fatigue, and headache. Research indicates that most children recover from COVID-19 in one to two weeks with at-home care. Children and adolescents are generally at a lower risk of infection, and if an infection occurs, it is likely to be mild. However, some children and young people have had severe experiences with the disease, and a few have died. COVID-19-related measures have a profound effect on health and well-being, and for some, the impact may be lifelong.

https://www.health-providers.ir/article_148878_233281f23eebc3673a6540e7fe56352f.pdf

Masumeh Saeidi Health Providers 2820-9192 1 1 2021 12 01 To Mask or Not To Mask? A Review of Literature 22 33 149029 10.22034/hp.2022.149029 EN Anis Pouyanfar Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Shirvan, Iran. 0000-0001-5729-1484 Masumeh Ghazanfarpour Assistant Professor of Reproductive Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 0000-0003-4639-3711 Shima Imannezhad Pediatric Neurologist, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0002-5537-2763 Reza Ahmadi Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0003-4921-976X Iman Nosratabadi Student Research Committee, School Of Nursing and Midwifery, Sirjan University of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran. Adeleh Khodabakhshi Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 0000-0002-2666-9795 Mahsa Abazari Torghabeh Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Journal Article 2022 04 29 During the COVID-19 pandemic, face masks—such as surgical masks and cloth masks—were used as public and personal health measures to control the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Mask use is recommended as an additional preventive measure to help limit community transmission, especially since COVID-19 primarily spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Recommendations for mask use have varied, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has revised its guidance since the beginning of the outbreak. Mask-wearing is advised when COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations are rising in a community, when community immunity is low, or based on an individual's health status. The WHO generally recommends disposable medical masks, non-medical masks that meet safety and efficacy standards, or other well-fitting non-medical masks. To further reduce infection transmission, it is also important to practice hand hygiene and avoid close contact with sick individuals. Clear guidelines regarding the production, use, sanitization, and disposal of face masks can help improve compliance and bring communities closer to reducing the spread of COVID-19.

https://www.health-providers.ir/article_149029_a7b0ef90a147524966c39413183221a5.pdf

Masumeh Saeidi Health Providers 2820-9192 1 1 2021 12 01 A Reflection on Teenagers’ Smoking in Iran 35 38 156194 10.22034/hp.2022.360910.1023 EN Sara Saadat MD, Pediatric Nephrologist, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0001-9802-1667 Journal Article 2022 09 06 Dear Editor-in-chief, Smoking is a serious threat to health, and a large majority of smokers start during their teenage years (ages 10-19). Simply knowing about the dangers of smoking isn't enough to stop teenagers from starting. They need to develop the attitudes and skills to resist pressure and the urge to smoke. To effectively prevent teenagers from using cigarettes and other tobacco products, we need to find the right educational tools, understand what makes them accept the information, ensure the education is effective and remembered, and make sure it fits with their culture.

https://www.health-providers.ir/article_156194_27c67ddabd06b8c9ff3fde0e9308c014.pdf

Masumeh Saeidi Health Providers 2820-9192 1 1 2021 12 01 Effectiveness of Herbal Medicines Containing Phytoestrogens to Treat Cyclic Mastalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 39 50 146668 10.22034/hp.2022.146668 EN Parsila Taheri Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist, Infertility Fellowship, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 0000-0001-8094-7066 Masumeh Ghazanfarpour Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 0000-0003-4639-3711 Saeed Soleimany Regional Educational Blood Transfusion Center, Kerman, Iran. Hosna Faridi Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. Samaneh Movahedinia Kerman University Of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 0000-0003-4236-8463 Benyamin Fazli Assistant Professor of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Journal Article 2022 03 14 Background: While cyclic mastalgia is a prevalent condition with varied treatment approaches, the effectiveness of phytoestrogens remains unclear. This systematic review aims to address this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of phytoestrogens in alleviating cyclic mastalgia based on the available evidence. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis involved a comprehensive search of online databases (Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE-Ovid, and Medline Complete) to identify randomized controlled trials and non-randomized prospective or retrospective clinical studies published up to August 2021. The search focused on studies evaluating the use of oral phytoestrogens for the treatment of cyclic mastalgia in women. Study selection was performed independently by two reviewers. Results: This meta-analysis included eight studies. The results indicated that several interventions, including isoflavones, Nigella sativa, cinnamon chamomile tea, Vitex agnus-castus, and flax seeds, were associated with reduced mastalgia pain. Specifically, phytoestrogens (SMD: -1.40; 95% CI: -1.93 to -0.89), flaxseed (SMD: -1.48; 95% CI: -2.46 to -0.512), and Vitex agnus-castus (SMD: -1.78; 95% CI: -2.88 to -0.68; p < 0.001) demonstrated significant effectiveness in reducing the severity of cyclic mastalgia. However, the heterogeneity across all studies was high, ranging from moderate to substantial. Further, Nigella sativa, chamomile, red clover, and cinnamon were also found to significantly reduce the severity of cyclic mastalgia. Conclusion: While phytoestrogens like Isoflavones, Nigella sativa, Cinnamon Chamomile tea, Vitagnus, and Flax seeds show promise for relieving cyclic mastalgia, with Flaxseed and Vitex agnus-castus standing out, the evidence remains inconclusive due to variations and limitations in existing studies, highlighting the need for more research to confirm these benefits and guide optimal use.

https://www.health-providers.ir/article_146668_c0ec4ade8dd144487b5c49a88eb84d6a.pdf